Incidence and risk factors for ventilator associated events in uganda´s general ICUS.

Results We found 58/83 (69.9%) patients developed VAEs. Of these, 32/83 (39.0%) had VAC, 27/83 (32.5%) had infection related ventilatorassociated conditions (IVACs) and 31/83 (38.3%) had probable VAP. At multivariate analysis, a high diastolic blood pressure (OR 0.78; 95% CI 0.64-0.95, p = 0.014), high GCS (OR 0.37; 95% CI 0.14-0.98, p = 0.045) and longer duration of ventilation (OR 0.32; 95% CI 0.13-0.78, p = 0.012) reduced the odds of development of VAC while SIMV mode of mechanical ventilation (OR 4.63; 95% CI 1.04-20.63) increased the odds of development of VAC. Female patients at multivariate analysis (OR 0.31; 95% CI 0.01-0.99, p = 0.047) had a reduced association in development possible VAP compared to their male counterparts. No significant association was found at multivariate analysis for risk factors for IVAC and probable VAP. Known risk factors including blood transfusion, COPD, age > 60 years, head trauma, ARDS, antibiotics given < or > 48 hours of admission, abdominal surgery within 24 hours of admission, transportation out of ICU, reintubation, supine position, enteral feeding and paralysis were not associated with VAEs including the VAP prevention bundle which is proven to be protective with chlorhexdine mouth wash, semirecumbent positioning, DVT prophylaxis, stress ulcer prophylaxis with PPIs or H2 receptor blockers, daily spontaneous breathing trials, and sedative interruptions. The most frequently isolated organisms were Acinetobacter species (37.5%), K. pneumonia (35.3%), Pseudomonas auroginosa (14.7%), E. coli (11.7%), S. aureus (5.9%) and Enterobacter species (5.9%) sensitive to commonly Amikacin, Imipenem and PISA.